(1) A
product with clearly defined option prices e.g. Personal Computers
Features |
Options |
|||||
Hard
Drive |
1
GB 0 |
2
GB 100 |
4
GB 300 |
6
GB 450 |
||
Memory
RAM |
16
MB 0 |
32
MB 80 |
48
MB 150 |
64
MB 200 |
||
Video
Conferencing |
Not
possible 0 |
Static
pictures 200 |
6
frames/sec 300 |
20
frames/sec 400 |
||
On
Site Service Response Time |
48
hours 0 |
24
hours 50 |
4
hours 200 |
|||
Screen
Size |
15
inch 0 |
17
inch 50 |
19
inch 100 |
21
inch 200 |
||
Telephone
Handset |
No 0 |
Yes 50 |
||||
Noise |
20%
more than now -20 |
As
now 0 |
20%
less than now 20 |
50%
less than now 60 |
||
The figures in each box show what could be actual dollar values. So changing from 1 GB hard disc to 2 GB costs an extra $100, but moving from 1 GB to 6 GB costs $450. Because this questionnaire probed relative spend, changing from the zero cost boxed cells, the actual total price of this computer was not required to be shown. (It could be stated offline, e.g. consider a basic $800 PC defined as the cell options with zero prices).
If a respondent was asked to ‘spend’ $200 enhancing this start position, he might improve to 2 GB and a 19-inch screen. If asked to ‘spend’ an extra $300 he might further improve screen size to 21 inches (an extra $100 on top of what he already has done to achieve a 19 inch screen) and go to 48 MB RAM and 24 hour response time. He would then be typically asked if he would actually spend these $200 and $300 upgrading the basic PC, or if not, what proportion of these amounts would he spend for these enhancements.
(2)
A
Service/Product Mix with Relative Costed Options, e.g. in flight
experience in the economy cabin
Features |
Options |
|||||||||||
Welcome
from Cabin Crew |
No
welcome 0 |
Automatic
– same for all 1 |
Individual
– not same for all 3 |
Personalised
– using your name 5 |
||||||||
Leg
Room |
As
is 0 |
1
inch more 10 |
2
inches more 15 |
3
inches more 18 |
||||||||
Quality
of Main Meal |
Very
basic 0 |
Good
quality some fresh
fruit/veg
3 |
Excellent
quality 6 |
|||||||||
Duty
Free Service |
None 0 |
Limited
range 1 |
Wide
range 3 |
|||||||||
Telephones
for Passenger Use |
None 0 |
2
telephones only on
whole plane
4 |
1
telephone per set of
2 or 3 seats
12 |
|||||||||
Respondents show their priorities as for example 1, but are not asked if they would actually spend money on the improvements since competitive pressure means ABC airline probably cannot increase its prices relative to competition. Rather it wants to find out if passengers would be more loyal if it made some of these investments, and if so which should it make.
Note that adding 1 inch more leg room (implying possibly taking
out 1 whole row of seats in the aircraft) costs more than improving to
an excellent quality meal and a wide range of duty free availability,
rather than the basic levels of both these features.
Features |
Options |
||||||||||||
Completing
Repair When Originally Promised |
Sometimes
extra ½ day required 0 |
Usually
have wait 1-2 hours 1 |
Usually
wait 30
mins 2 |
Always
ready when promised 5 |
Ready
ahead of time 10 |
||||||||
Understanding
Customer Needs |
Not
seem to care 0 |
Listens
superficially only 1 |
Makes
effort to understand 2 |
Always
understand 4 |
|||||||||
Explanation
of Changes |
None 0 |
Usually
incomplete or unclear 1 |
Somewhat
difficult to understand 2 |
Clear
and complete explanation 3 |
|||||||||
Contact
When Additional Service/ Repair is Needed |
Never
call, proceed on their own 0 |
Call
for major repairs only 1 |
Call
for all extra repairs needed 3 |
||||||||||
Ease
of Obtaining Appointment |
At least 1 week in advance 0 |
Within
same week 1 |
For
next day 3 |
Same
day usually possible 5 |
|||||||||
For this type of SIMALTO project, costs do differ between the options, but they can be difficult to identify exactly – what is the cost of staff training which encourage a friendly positive response from the telephonist rather than an obviously bored repetitive response? Costs therefore tend to have narrower ranges than in the previous grids – maybe simply reflecting easy, medium, very difficult things to accomplish as 1, 2, 4 points say.
However the mere attempt to cost this grid can be informative
to the client for its own sake. Benchmarking
customer perceptions, finding their priorities and tracking perceptions of
key positions over time are the main applications of this type of grid,
together with predicting ROI from alternative investment scenarios the
client could initiate.
(4)
Defining
Option Packages to Enhance Use of An Existing Product, e.g. Bank
account/cards
Features |
Options |
|||||||||||||||||
Cash
Withdrawal Charge |
$2.00 0 |
$1.50 1 |
$1.00 2 |
Free 4 |
||||||||||||||
Interest
on Credit Balance |
None 0 |
1% 2 |
2% 4 |
3% 6 |
4% 8 |
|||||||||||||
Discounted
Travel Insurance |
None 0 |
Self
only 1 |
Self
and family 4 |
|||||||||||||||
Air
Miles For Use |
None 0 |
1
mile for $5 2 |
1
mile for $3 4 |
|||||||||||||||
Card
Protection – Cancels All Cards If Stolen |
No 0 |
Yes,
at $15 per year 2 |
Yes,
free 6 |
|||||||||||||||
Maximum
Daily ATM Cash |
$500 0 |
$1000 1 |
$2000
2 |
Up
to credit limit 3 |
||||||||||||||
Free
Purchase Protection |
No 0 |
100
days for up to $2000 1 |
100
days for up to $25000 3 |
|||||||||||||||
Ticket
Service – 24 Hour Notice to Book Sports, Theatre, Etc. |
No 0 |
Yes
– with $2 booking fee 2 |
||||||||||||||||
Option grids such as this are often used to find “packages” to enhance loyalty of existing customers, or entice rival brand users. Besides finding customer priorities for different options – either singly or in combination (frequent travellers may like the “travel package” e.g. no foreign exchange charges, lost card replacement, hotel bookings, etc.) such grids may often be linked with a payment price for various bundles of benefit.
So questions are asked “how likely would be to take up your 20
point package if it cost, say, $7 a month, $5 a month, $3 a month
extra”. Similarly for the
40-point package. Then
“gold star” and “platinum star” packs might be developed.
This type of application is increasingly being used by companies
offering essentially commodity-type products, e.g. Utilities.
See later sections on Customer Satisfaction and Product Development